Table 1.
Known SCARF1 ligands
| Ligand | References |
|---|---|
| Endogenous | |
| SCARF1 | [5] |
| SCARF2 | [5] |
| Modified low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs and AcLDLs) | [4] |
| Apoptotic cells (via complement factor C1q) | [8] |
| Heat shock proteins (Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp110) | [11, 17–19] |
| Calreticulin | [20] |
| Tamm–Horsfall protein | [21] |
| Pancreatic zymogen granule protein 2 (GP2) | [22] |
| Protein phosphatase 1α CD4+ T cells (unknown ligand) |
[23] [10] |
| Exogenous | |
| Bacterial antigens | |
| Teichoic acid (S. aureus) | [12] |
| Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) | [10, 24] |
| Outer membrane protein (Omp)A (K. pneumoniae) | [25] |
| Porin (Por)BIA (N. gonorrhoeae; via Gp96) | [13] |
| Viral antigens | |
| Non-structural protein (NS)3 (Hepatitis C virus; HCV) | [26] |
| dsRNA | [27] |
| Fungal antigens | |
| β-Glucan (C. albicans and C. neoformans) | [6] |
A number of endogenous and exogenous ligands have been described in the literature to date and are listed above
S. aureus: Staphylococcus aureus, K. pneumonia: Klebsiella pneumonia, N. gonorrhoeae: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, C. albicans: Candida albicans, C. neoformans: Cryptococcus neoformans