Table 3.
Summary of socio-demographic characteristics of the MZIMA cohort participants, stratified by inclusion status in the present study.
| Categorical Variables (%) | Included | Excluded | Chi-Squared Test a |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 2311 | N = 1963 | ||
| Females | 68 | 75 | <0.001 |
| Age groups | <0.001 | ||
| <25 years | 38.2 | 44.5 | |
| 25–50 years | 46.7 | 40.8 | |
| 50 and above | 15.1 | 14.7 | |
| Educational level | <0.001 | ||
| No education | 23.5 | 11.0 | |
| Primary education | 48.4 | 51.5 | |
| Secondary education | 23.8 | 32.6 | |
| Tertiary education | 4.3 | 4.9 | |
| Occupation | 0.003 | ||
| Unemployed | 29.7 | 34.6 | |
| Business owners | 13.4 | 12.4 | |
| Professionals | 3.9 | 5.0 | |
| Skilled manual labour | 6.2 | 5.9 | |
| Unskilled manual labour | 3.3 | 3.2 | |
| Farming (including crop, livestock, fishing) | 43.5 | 38.9 | |
| Religion | 0.063 | ||
| No religion | 0.4 | 0.1 | |
| Muslim | 34.8 | 36.7 | |
| Catholic | 53.6 | 50.5 | |
| Lutheran | 2.1 | 2.9 | |
| Others | 9.1 | 9.8 | |
| Ethnicity | 0.003 | ||
| Morogoro region | 58.5 | 57.3 | |
| Iringa region | 12.2 | 10.3 | |
| Shinyanga/Mwanza/Tabora regions | 6.0 | 7.7 | |
| Ruvuma region | 15.1 | 14.0 | |
| Other regions | 8.2 | 10.7 | |
| Consumption of fruits >3 days/week | 49.3 | 49.1 | 0.859 |
| Consumption of vegetables >3 days/week | 72.3 | 72.1 | 0.682 |
| Alcohol consumption in the past 12 months | 14.4 | 13.5 | 0.393 |
| Current smoker | 4.8 | 3.6 | 0.056 |
ap-values of the difference between included and excluded participants, for each variable.