Table 1.
General characteristics and frequent voice disorder (fVD) of teachers
| Variables | Primary school | Secondary school | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N(%) | fVD | N(%) | fVD | |||
| N (%) | P-value* | N (%) | P-value* | |||
| Total | 558 (100) | 71 (12.7) | – | 743 (100) | 80 (10.8) | |
| School type | ||||||
| Primary | 558 (100) | 71 (12.7) | – | – | – | |
| Middle | – | – | 196 (26.4) | 30 (15.3) | 0.031† | |
| General high | – | – | 317 (42.7) | 33 (10.4) | ||
| Vocational high | – | – | 230 (30.9) | 17 (7.4) | ||
| Region | ||||||
| Urban | 326 (58.4) | 46 (14.1) | 0.244 | 460 (61.9) | 50 (10.9) | 0.909 |
| Rural | 232 (41.6) | 25 (10.8) | 283 (38.1) | 30 (10.6) | ||
| Teaching career (yrs) | ||||||
| < 5 | 85 (15.2) | 14 (16.5) | 0.343 | 87 (11.7) | 12 (13.8) | 0.504 |
| 5–14 | 166 (29.8) | 24 (14.5) | 174 (23.4) | 22 (12.6) | ||
| 15–24 | 190 (34.0) | 18 (9.5) | 166 (22.4) | 17 (10.2) | ||
| ≥ 25 | 117 (21.0) | 15 (12.8) | 316 (42.5) | 29 (9.2) | ||
| Age (yrs) | ||||||
| < 30 | 85 (15.2) | 14 (16.5) | 0.395 | 47 (6.3) | 5 (10.6) | 0.368 |
| 30–39 | 176 (31.5) | 25 (14.2) | 175 (23.5) | 25 (14.3) | ||
| 40–49 | 195 (35.0) | 19 (9.7) | 184 (24.8) | 19 (10.3) | ||
| ≥ 50 | 102 (18.3) | 13 (12.8) | 337 (45.4) | 31 (9.2) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 113 (20.3) | 6 (5.3) | 0.008† | 399 (53.7) | 19 (4.8) | <.001† |
| Female | 445 (79.7) | 65 (14.6) | 344 (46.3) | 61 (17.7) | ||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Never smoker | 501 (89.8) | 67 (13.4) | 0.394 | 479 (64.5) | 68 (14.2) | <.001† |
| Ex-smoker | 28 (5.0) | 2 (7.2) | 162 (21.8) | 6 (3.7) | ||
| Current smoker | 29 (5.2) | 2 (6.9) | 102 (13.7) | 6 (5.9) | ||
| Sleep hours (hrs/day) | ||||||
| < 6 | 67 (12.0) | 13 (19.4) | 0.058 | 155 (20.9) | 21 (13.6) | 0.393 |
| 6–7 | 212 (38.0) | 31 (14.6) | 359 (48.3) | 38 (10.6) | ||
| ≥ 7 | 279 (50.0) | 27 (9.7) | 229 (30.8) | 21 (9.2) | ||
*by Chi-square test, †Statistically significant (P - value < 0.05)