Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of overall survival
| Characteristic | Training set | Validation set | Combined set | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | P‐value | |
| Univariate | ||||||
| Age at surgery, years: >60 vs <60 | 1.349(0.814‐2.235) | .248 | 1.118(0.660‐1.895) | .679 | 1.225(0.851‐1764) | .278 |
| Gender: male vs female | 0.638(0.381‐1.070) | .089 | 0.821(0.472‐1.427) | .486 | 0.726(0.498‐1.057) | .097 |
| Tumor location: bile duct vs gallbladder | 0.621(0.407‐0.948) | .028 | 0.917(0.550‐1.528) | .739 | 0.752(0.545‐1.036) | .081 |
| TNM stage: III + IV vs I + II | 4.232(2.148‐8.336) | <.001 | 1.945(1.481‐2.555) | <.001 | 1.976(1.584‐2.463) | <.001 |
| Differentiation: poor vs well‐moderate | 0.892(0.683‐1.165) | .405 | 1.352(1.032‐1.770) | .029 | 1.074(0.895‐1.290) | .444 |
| Surgical margin: positive vs negative | 1.679(0.800‐3.538) | .173 | 1.907(0.902‐4.032) | .093 | 1.750(1.031‐2.970) | .038 |
| Microvascular invasion: present vs absent | 1.571(0.948‐2.605) | .081 | 1.646(0.968‐2.800) | .067 | 1.610(1.118‐2.320) | .011 |
| CD66b expression: high vs low | 4.720(2.623‐8.493) | <.001 | 4.993(2.626‐9.492) | <.001 | 4.688(3.050‐7.206) | <.001 |
| Multivariate | ||||||
| Tumor location: bile duct vs gallbladder | 0.869(0.522‐1.447) | .591 | ||||
| TNM stage: III + IV vs I + II | 3.253(1.537‐6.885) | <.001 | 1.588(1.193‐2.113) | <.001 | 1.640(1.311‐2.051) | <.001 |
| Differentiation: poor vs well‐moderate | 1.252(0.948‐1.653) | .115 | ||||
| Surgical margin: positive vs negative | 1.446(0.821‐2.545) | .204 | ||||
| Microvascular invasion: present vs absent | 1.319(0.892‐1.949) | .167 | ||||
| CD66b expression: high vs low | 4.213(2.320‐7.650) | <.001 | 4.010(2.217‐7.253) | <.001 | 4.133(2.660‐6.423) | <.001 |
P < .05 is considered statistically significant (bold).
Combined set was generated by combing the training and validation sets together (bold).