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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 28.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2018 Jan 31;118(4):1917–1950. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00534

Table 3.

Comparison of new technologies for EV protein detection.

Platform Sensing
mechanism		 Detection
Limit		 Advantages Limitations
Bead-based flow cytometry EVs captured on beads and fluorescently labeled -

  • High throughput

  • Well established method

  • Relatively high cost for instrument
Small particle flow cytometry Scattering and fluorescence -

  • Single EV molecular characterization

  • Requires specialized instrumentation

  • Insensitive for small EV identification
ExoScreen Photosensitizer beads -

  • Wash-free

  • High throughput

  • Detects vesicles < 200 nm
MicroNMR NMR ~ 104 EVs

  • Low native biological background

  • Low throughput
nPLEX SPR ~ 103 EVs

  • Label free detection

  • Highly sensitive

  • High throughput

  • Requires specialized plasmonic chip
iMEX Electrochemical ~ 104 EVs

  • Easy to use

  • Low device cost

  • Medium throughput