Fig. 5.

Resonators designed for multiple-beam generation with close-packed microsphere arrays or for the analysis of single cells in vivo. a Diagrams illustrating two steps in the placement of microsphere arrays onto the surface of a mirror with a PDMS template. b Dependence of laser output pulse energy on the pump (532 nm) pulse energy for an array of 172 microspheres. The inset is an optical micrograph of a portion of the hexagonal array while lasing, and the least-squares fit to the data is represented by the black line. c Cross-sectional diagram of a double-chambered resonator incorporating living C. reinhardtii cells. d, e Photographs of C. reinhardtii cells showing lasing in the cytoplasm of the unicellular organism. f-i False color versions of optical micrographs of C. reinhardtii, illustrating several observed laser mode patterns. Note the spatial scale (10 μm) in i and the interference fringes outside the cell