Table 1.
The demographic characteristics, cytokine values, and brain volumes of participants.
| Healthy subjects (n = 47) | MDD patients (n = 40) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean, (range, SD) | 40.7 (20-65, 11.4) | 46.6 (20–67, 14.4) | 0.06 |
| Female, numbers | 13 | 20 | 0.05 |
| Obesity, % | 3 (6.4) | 2 (5.0) | 1.00 |
| HAMD-17, mean of total scores (SD) | 21.6 (5.9) | ||
| Duration of depressive episode, month (SD) | 6.3 (10.2) | ||
| ICV, mean (SD) | 1628.2 (160.6) ml | 1551.8 (145.3) ml | 0.58 |
| Inflammatory, mean; pg/ml (SD) | |||
| IL-1β | 0.053 (0.087) | 0.041 (0.048) | 0.23 |
| IL-6 | 0.370 (0.327) | 0.850 (1.808) | 0.04 |
| IFN-γ | 7.459 (13.4) | 9.636 (15.0) | 0.24 |
| TNF-α | 2.041 (5.39) | 1.592 (0.576) | 0.30 |
SD, standard deviation; MDD, Major depression disorder; HAMD, 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; ICV, intracranial volume; IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; TNF, tumor necrosis factor. Obesity was defined by body mass index (>26 kg/m2).