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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 4.
Published in final edited form as: J Aging Health. 2016 Sep 27;30(1):140–163. doi: 10.1177/0898264316670049

Table 2.

Frequency of Childhood Misfortune by Sex.

Women (n = 8,390)
Men (n = 5,531)
Frequency % Frequency %
SES***
 0 1,527 18.200 1,189 21.497
 1 1,677 19.999 1,085 19.617
 2+ 5,186 61.812 3,257 58.886
Risky parental behavior***
 0 2,776 33.087 1,646 29.760
 1 4,476 53.349 3,183 57.548
 2+ 1,138 13.564 702 12.692
Infectious diseases***
 0 566 6.746 581 10.504
 1 1,178 14.041 792 14.319
 2+ 6,646 79.213 4,158 75.176
Chronic diseases***
 0 5,525 65.852 3,900 70.512
 1 1,749 20.846 1,121 20.268
 2+ 1,116 13.302 510 9.221
Impairments***
 0 7,082 84.410 4,375 79.100
 1 1,135 13.528 971 17.556
 2+ 173 2.062 185 3.345

Note. χ2 tests were performed for each domain of misfortune by sex. SES = socioeconomic status.

***

p < .001.