Figure 5.

Predicted percentage of the Earth's terrestrial surface exceeding 20% species loss under future climate and land-use change. All values are expressed relative to a pre-human baseline. Separate effects of climate (solid, opaque lines) and land use (dashed, translucent lines) are shown in (a), while combined effects of both pressures (assuming no interactions) are shown in (b). Error bars show estimated uncertainty in the projections for the year 2070: 95% confidence intervals for land-use impact models, and range of estimates across the distribution model ensemble for the climate impact models. Results for both land-use and climate impacts are based on the final projections at a spatial resolution of 0.5°.