TABLE 1 .

Effects of translational errors on microbial stress resistance

Translational error(s)	Stress condition(s)	Organism(s)	Fitness	Reference(s)
Ile → norvaline	Amino acid starvation	Escherichia coli	Gain	69
Ile → Val	Amino acid starvation	Acinetobacter baylyi	Gain	70
Phe → meta-Tyr	Amino acid starvation	Escherichia coli	Loss	67
Phe → Tyr	Amino acid starvation	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Loss	68
Gln → Glu; Asn → Asp	Antibiotics	Mycobacteria	Gain	34, 55
Ile → Val	Antibiotics	Escherichia coli	Gain	82
Met misincorporation	Antibiotics	Escherichia coli	Gain	83
CUG codon ambiguity	Antifungal drugs	Candida albicans	Gain	81
Arg → canavanine	Heat stress	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Gain	84, 85
CUG codon ambiguity	Oxidative and osmotic stresses	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Gain	72
Global mistranslation	Oxidative stress	Escherichia coli	Gain	27, 71
Stop codon readthrough	Various stresses	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Gain/loss	73, 86
Ile → Val	Sporulation	Bacillus subtilis	Loss	87