Table 1.
Index Case Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| Variable | Overall (N = 130) | New TB in Householda (N = 9) | No New TB in Householdb (N = 121) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Female Sex | 57 (44%) | 3 (33%) | 54 (45%) | 0.731 |
| Age (Median, IQR***) | 40 (31–49) | 36 (31–48) | 39 (31–49) | 0.831 |
| Female-Headed Household | 67 (52%) | 7 (78%) | 60 (50%) | 0.166 |
| Head of HH Income (Median, IQR) | 1270 (13–2350) | 2500 (1270–6300) | 1270 (0–2000) | 0.047 |
| Education | ||||
| 8th grade or less | 40 (31%) | 4 (44%) | 36 (30%) | 0.278 |
| At least some high school | 73 (56%) | 3 (33%) | 70 (58%) | |
| More than high school | 17 (13%) | 2 (22%) | 15 (12%) | |
| Unemployed | 73 (56%) | 6 (67%) | 67 (55%) | 0.731 |
| Number of HH members, by Self-Report (Median, IQR) | 5 (3–6) | 6 (5–6) | 4 (3–6) | 0.130 |
| Number of HH Contacts Participating in Study (Median, IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–6) | 2 (1–3) | 0.005 |
| Years lived in HH (Median, IQR) | 30 (20–40) | 37 (28–43) | 30 (19–39) | 0.235 |
| Previous TB | 15 (12%) | 1 (11%) | 14 (12%) | 1.0 |
| TB Symptoms | ||||
| Cough | 58 (45%) | 4 (44%) | 54 (45%) | 1.0 |
| Fever | 45 (35%) | 1 (11%) | 44 (36%) | 0.162 |
| Fatigue | 64 (49%) | 4 (44%) | 60 (50%) | 1.0 |
| Loss of appetite | 25 (19%) | 1 (11%) | 24 (20%) | 1.0 |
| Weight loss | 84 (65%) | 5 (56%) | 79 (65%) | 0.720 |
| Night sweats | 55 (42%) | 5 (56%) | 50 (41%) | 0.493 |
| At least one TB symptom | 112 (86%) | 7 (78%) | 105 (87%) | 0.611 |
| Symptom duration | ||||
| No symptoms | 18 (14%) | 2 (22%) | 16 (13%) | 0.357 |
| < 1 month | 57 (44%) | 3 (33%) | 54 (45%) | |
| 1–6 months | 32 (25%) | 1 (11%) | 31 (26%) | |
| > 6 months | 23 (18%) | 3 (33%) | 20 (17%) | |
| Smear Positive (overall n = 60)** | 44 (73%) | 2 (29%) | 42 (79%) | 0.012 |
| Xpert MTB/RIF Positive (overall n = 64)c | 55 (86%) | 2 (67%) | 53 (87%) | 0.370 |
*Categorical variables were tested using Fisher’s Exact Test, and continuous variables were tested with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test
**70 individuals were missing smear results in the clinic TB register and/or index case TB card (68 index cases living in households with no new TB cases, and 2 individuals living in households with ≥1 new TB case)
***IQR: Interquartile range
aIndex cases from households with at least one member diagnosed with laboratory confirmed TB as a part of this study
bIndex cases from households with no members diagnosed with laboratory confirmed TB as a part of this study
c66 individuals were missing Xpert results in the clinic TB register and/or index case TB card (60 index cases living in household with no new TB cases, and 6 individuals living in households with ≥1 new TB case)