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. 2018 Jun 11;5(7):ofy138. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofy138

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Immune activation and fibrosis markers in hepatic parenchyma of healthy and virally infected patients. Viral infection is associated with immune activation (CD57), NKT cell inflammation (CD56) and fibrogenesis (αSMA). Staining of liver tissue sections from controls (Con), patients with HIV infection (HIV), HCV infection (HCV), and HIV/HCV coinfection (HIV/HCV). Box and whisker plots of (A) CD57 T-cell terminal differentiation marker staining and (B) αSMA fibrosis marker staining across the 4 patient cohorts. C, Representative immunohistochemistry section with immune cell staining for CD57 (brown). D, Representative immunohistochemistry section with immune and ductular cell staining for CD56 (brown) and ductular and stromal (hepatic stellate cells, myofibroblasts) cell staining for αSMA (green).