Table 2.
Presented studies on metabolomics and NO pathways.
| Reference | Species | Technique | Setting | Biofluid/Tissue | Discriminate Metabolites/Metabolism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang et al., 2009 | Human | HPLC-MS/MS | Coronary heart diseases | Plasma | Elevated levels of SDMA, ADMA and of the ArgMI index (ADMA+SDMA)/MMA) |
| Shao et al., 2012 | Human | LC-MS/MS | Pulmonary Hypertension associated with Heart failure | Plasma | ADMA higher plasma levels and lower global arginine bioavailability ratio in acute vs. chronic heart failure. |
| ↑ myocardial levels of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 in HF patients with sPAP > 50 mmHg | |||||
| Trupp et al., 2012 | Human | GC-TOF/MS | Dyslipidemia | Plasma | Cystine, urea cycle intermediates, ornithine, citrulline and lysine. |
| xanthine, 2-hydroxyvaleric acid, succinic acid, stearic acid, and fructose | |||||
| Zhao et al., 2015 | Human | UPLC/MS/MS | Pulmonary Arterial | Lung tissue | Sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolites |
| GC-MS | Hypertension | Heme metabolites | |||
| Arginine, creatine, ornithine, and urea | |||||
| Lewis et al., 2016 | Human | LC-MS | Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension | Plasma | Arginine, ornithine, citrulline, ADMA, SDMA. |
| C57Bl/6 mice | Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)–dependent tryptophan metabolites, tricarboxylic acid intermediates, and purine metabolites. | ||||
| Deidda et al., 2017 | Human | NMR | Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in systemic sclerosis | Plasma | Acetate, alanine, lactate, and lipoprotein. |
| γ-aminobutyrate, arginine, betaine, choline, creatine, creatinine, glucose, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, histidine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine | |||||
| Kirov et al., 2017 | Human | GC-MS | Coronary artery diseases (CABG) | Arterial and Coronary sinus plasma | long-chain acylcarnitines, arginine, short-chain acylcarnitines and glycerophospholipids |
HPLC-MS/MS, high performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry; LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry; GC-TOF/MS, gas chromatography – time of flight mass spectrometry; UPLC-TOF/MS, ultra performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry; GC-MS, gas chromatography – mass spectrometry; LC-MS, liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry; NMR, 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; SDMA, symmetrical dimethylarginine; ADMA, asymmetrical dimethylarginine; MMA, N-mono-methylarginine; ArgMI index, integrated index of arginine methylation; HF, heart failure; sPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure.