Table 3.

Risk of obesity in offspring by individual maternal low risk lifestyle factors

Maternal low risk lifestyle factors	No (%) of mothers	No (%) of offspring	No (%) of obese offspring	Relative risk (95% CI)
				Model 1	Model 2
Healthy diet (based on the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 diet score)	6821 (40.3)	9773 (40.2)	461 (4.7)	0.96 (0.83 to 1.11)	0.97 (0.83 to 1.12)
Body mass index 18.5-24.9	9514 (56.4)	13 731 (56.5)	444 (3.2)	0.43 (0.38 to 0.49)	0.44 (0.39 to 0.50)
Moderate/vigorous exercise ≥150 min/week	5840 (34.5)	8539 (35.2)	338 (4.0)	0.78 (0.68 to 0.90)	0.79 (0.69 to 0.91)
Current non-smoker	15 934 (94.0)	22 984 (94.6)	1179 (5.1)	0.66 (0.53 to 0.81)	0.69 (0.56 to 0.86)
Alcohol intake (1.0-14.9 g/day)	10 447 (61.7)	14 923 (61.4)	719 (4.8)	0.87 (0.77 to 0.97)	0.88 (0.79 to 0.99)

Model 1 adjusted for mother’s age at baseline (in 5-year categories), offspring sex (boy/girl), and other lifestyle factors included in the table; model 2 adjusted for mother’s age at baseline (in 5-year categories), other variables included in table, race/ethnicity (white, others), chronic diseases (prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer), living status (with spouse/partner or not), household income (<US$50 000, $50 000-$99 999, ≥$100 000; US$1=£0.75, €0.85), and educational attainment of spouse/partner (high school, college, graduate school); and offspring sex (boy, girl).