Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics of Cognitive Decline Cases and Controls

Risk Factor % unless otherwise specified	Cases (N= 495)	Controls (N=587)*	p-value
Black Race	33	36	0.34
Age, Mean	64.6	64.1	0.34
Male Sex	41	43	0.55
Education
≤ High school	33	32
Some college	26	28
≥College graduate	41	39	0.83
Stroke Belt Region	65	52	<0.001
Income
< $20k	29	12
$20k–$34k	20	22
$35k–$74k	25	37
≥ $75k	12	17
Did not Answer	14	12	<0.001
Smoking Status
Current	17	12
Past	38	37
Never	45	51	0.02
Alcohol Use
Heavy	3	5
Moderate	28	34
None	69	61	0.01
Diabetes	29	19	<0.001
Hypertension	61	55	0.05
Dyslipidemia	61	58	0.44
History of Transient Ischemic Attack	6	4	0.16
Atrial Fibrillation	10	9	0.61
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy	12	7	0.03
History of Coronary Artery Disease	21	13	<0.01
BMI Category (kg/m2)
<18.5 underweight	<1	<1
>18.5 <25 normal	18	25
≥25<30 overweight	34	35
≥30 obese	47	40	0.03
Regular aspirin use	43	44	0.87
Statin use	34	31	0.34
Warfarin use	4	3	0.33
ApoE4 homo- heterozygous	32	31	0.69
C-reactive protein >90th percentile	14	10	0.04
D-dimer >0.50 μg/mL	46	39	0.04
Fibrinogen >90th percentile	16	10	0.002
Factor VIII antigen, >90th percentile	15	10	0.01
Protein C antigen, <10th percentile	11	10	0.64
Number of biomarkers elevated
0	45	53
1	37	38
2	14	7
3	4	2	0.0001

^*Weighted to analytic cohort, total N=17,630