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. 2018 Jun 28;9:1510. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01510

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Copyright © 2018 Kubo, Nakayamada, Sakata, Kitanaga, Ma, Lee, Ishii, Yamagata, Nakano and Tanaka.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Baricitinib inhibits B cell differentiation. Human B cells were purified and cultured for 5 days in the presence of anti-human IgM Ab F(ab′)2 fragments and under interferon (IFN)-α stimulation. Plasmablast (CD3⁻CD19⁺CD20⁻CD27^hiCD38^hi) differentiation was assessed by flow cytometry, and IgG Ab titers and interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA Cytometric Bead Array. (A) Percentage of plasmablasts. (B) Representative flow cytometry plots showing plasmablasts. (C) Percentage of plasmablast, IL-6, and IgG concentrations in the presence of baricitinib and other inhibitors. (D) Representative histogram data of annexin V/propidium iodide staining. (E) Rate of viable cells (annexin V_neg/propidium iodide_neg). Data are mean ± SD of three different donors per group. *p < 0.05 (by Mann–Whitney U test).