Fig. 4.

Between-state comparison in all patients: event-related fields (ERF) recorded from the nonaffected (left) and affected extremities (right) for all patients studied (n = 7) during painful (PS; top) and nonpainful stimuli (NPS; bottom) from each of the 3 different states (baseline, green; OFF, blue; ON, red). Microlesional/placebo effect (OFF vs. baseline) recorded on the nonaffected extremity around 250 ms during NPS is highlighted in the bottom left panel, along with the topography highlighting posterior activation. The effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) (ON vs. OFF) recorded during stimulation of the affected extremity around 450 ms during NPS is highlighted in the bottom right panel, along with the topography highlighting posterior suppression of activation. The countdown cue that evoked the significant effect is shown to the left of each topographic map. The topography shows the spatial location of the significant effect (difference between the 2 signals), whereas the line plots shows the mean evoked response from the channels that showed significant effect (black dots on topographic plot). Shading around line plots (of states that show significant difference) show the SE, whereas the dotted box highlights the temporal location of the significant effect. For comparison, the top plots show signal from the same sensors as the corresponding bottom plots. To better visualize slow changes during significant effect, the line plots were smoothed using a 10-ms moving average filter.