Fig. 1.

Experimental apparatus and conceptual diagram. A: motorized ergometer crank angle reference. All angles are relative to the seat tube, which is in line with the center of the crank. B: visual electromyography (EMG) feedback display of ongoing EMG relative to crank angle. The displayed EMG signal updates as participants progress through the pedaling cycle, starting over at 195°. Target deactivation region follows the first vertical dashed line, which corresponds to a crank angle of 105°. Target amplitude region is reported as a percentage of the 25% maximum voluntary contraction peak cycle amplitude target. C: experimental setup, including bicycle ergometer and servomotor. amp., Amplitude.