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. 2018 Mar 7;119(6):2176–2185. doi: 10.1152/jn.00378.2017

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Systemic inflammation (24 h) by LPS (100 μg/kg) enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-induced phrenic motor facilitation (pMF). A–C: representative traces of compressed integrated phrenic neurograms after intrathecal BDNF. A: LPS + BDNF shows increased phrenic burst amplitude vs. baseline (BL) values, demonstrating robust pMF. B: saline + BDNF also exhibits pMF. C: time control group given intrathecal vehicle (aCSF + 0.1% BSA) does not show time-dependent changes in phrenic burst amplitude. Arrow indicates intrathecal BDNF injection (12 µl, 100 ng). D: group data for phrenic burst amplitude (percent change from baseline). LPS + BDNF (n = 6) and saline + BDNF (n = 11) were compared with time control (n = 6) protocols. After intrathecal BNDF, there is a significant increase from baseline values for at least 90 min. LPS + BDNF was significantly greater than saline + BDNF at 30, 60, and 90 min, demonstrating that LPS enhanced BDNF-induced pMF. Significance is P ≤ 0.05: #significant difference vs. time control; $significant difference vs. LPS. E: group data for phrenic burst frequency (bursts/min). LPS + BDNF (n = 6) and saline + BDNF (n = 11) were compared with time control (n = 6) protocols. LPS + BDNF group increased more than saline + BDNF and time controls at 15, 30, 60, and 90 min postinjection. Significance is P ≤ 0.05: #significant difference vs. time control; %significant difference vs. saline treatment.