Table 3.
Laser photocoagulation for the treatment of DR.
| Classification | Drugs | Status for DR Treatment | Clinical Benefits | Adverse Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional laser treatments | Focal/grid laser [59] | Adjuvant treatment for DME | Reduce risk of moderate visual loss, increases the chance of visual improvement, decreases the frequency of persistent macular edema (Early Treatment Diabetes Retinopathy Study (ETDRS)) | a. Visual acuity loss b. Visual field loss |
| PRP [60] | Adjuvant treatment for PDR with high-risk complications | Reduce the rate of severe visual loss in PDR and inhibit the progression of retinopathy (Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS)) | a. Visual acuity loss b. Constriction of peripheral visual field |
|
| New laser approaches | PASCAL [65] | Under clinical evaluation | Precise control of the laser; Decreased treatment time | - |
| D-MPL [66] | Under clinical evaluation | Minimize collateral damage | - | |
| NAVILAS [67] | Under clinical evaluation | High accuracy of laser spots | - |