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. 2018 Jun 12;19(6):1742. doi: 10.3390/ijms19061742

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Direct effects of melatonin on EtOH-induced osteoclastic differentiation in BMMs. BMMs were stimulated with RANKL in the presence of juglone (50 nM) or PIN1 siRNA (30 nM), EtOH (25 mM) and melatonin (100 μM) for 5 days. In vitro osteoclatogenesis was accessed by TRAP staining (A) and actin ring staining (B), counting of osteoclast (C), mRNA expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes (D). Similar data were obtained from three independent experiments. * statistically significant difference compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). ^# statistically significant difference in each group.