Effects of isoviolanthin (isovio) on the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and human LO2 normal liver cells and on the clonogenic potential of HCC cells. (A) The cell viability of LO2; (B) HepG2, and Bel-7402 cells treated with isoviolanthin (2.5 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 40 µM, 80 µM, and 100 μM) for 24 h and 48 h was determined by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay; (C) HepG2 and Bel-7402 cells were incubated with 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and isoviolanthin (2.5 µM, 5 µM, and 10 µM) for two weeks, and the clonogenic potential of each group was analyzed by colony formation assay. Representative images and bar graphs (mean ± SD) are shown, n = 3. ** p < 0.01 versus the control group; ##
p < 0.01 versus the TGF-β1 group.