Table A2.

Water and formamide contact angle and calculated surface energy.

Sample	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	Contact Angle (°)	σ (°)	Surface Energy (mN/m)	Dispersive Energy (mN/m)	Polar Energy (mN/m)	ch2/n (mN/m)
HF-HNO3|water	119	117	115	117	119	115	117	114	116	118	120	115	114	114	118	116	2	152	123	28	4.36 × 10−15
HF-HNO3|formamide	87	88	88	89	86	89	87	83	86	83	87	85	87	90	91	87	2
HF|water	130	127	127	129	129	126	127	129	131	126	129	125	126	128	130	128	2	81	65	16	5.88 × 10−15
HF|formamide	107	103	107	104	104	103	106	105	107	104	105	104	104	104	105	105	1
600 C (oxygen)|water	76	70	75	73	69	68	67	76	74	72	73	74	73	76	70	72	3	55	54	1	8.60 × 10−15
600 C (oxygen)|formamide	70	80	90	89	84	79	90	92	67	81	62	61	63	92	74	78	11
600 C (vacuum)|water	89	88	91	87	87	89	90	91	91	91	94	90	88	93	88	90	2	75	4	71	4.17 × 101
600 C (vacuum)|formamide	74	72	71	68	69	69	71	71	74	73	70	68	68	74	68	71	2
25 W|water	111	113	115	113	117	111	113	112	116	114	116	116	112	114	114	114	2	239	189	50	1.21 × 10−14
25 W|formamide	77	79	80	79	80	78	78	80	78	76	78	78	75	73	78	78	2
35 W|water	121	120	123	120	122	121	123	126	123	124	126	124	126	123	124	123	2	273	205	68	2.43 × 10−14
35 W|formamide	86	84	83	80	81	84	87	86	88	82	88	87	85	84	81	85	3
45 W (As made)|water	109	107	108	110	110	109	107	107	110	109	109	110	107	111	108	109	1	294	234	61	1.42 × 10−14
45 W (As made)|formamide	71	67	66	69	68	69	71	67	69	70	68	73	72	65	69	69	2
exp20|water	113	117	120	115	112	114	120	121	121	117	115	119	120	121	113	117	3	193	153	40	5.63 × 10−15
exp20|formamide	83	86	84	89	83	83	90	85	81	85	89	82	82	86	80	84	3
exp40|water	109	107	108	110	110	109	107	107	110	109	109	110	107	111	108	109	1	294	234	61	1.42 × 10−14
exp40|formamide	71	67	66	69	68	69	71	67	69	70	68	73	72	65	69	69	2
exp60|water	98	97	96	98	97	99	98	99	99	100	98	100	97	98	98	98	1	267	224	43	8.44 × 10−15
exp60|formamide	58	57	58	57	59	57	60	60	58	58	58	58	59	59	61	58	1
exp80|water	105	102	106	105	105	104	104	103	105	108	102	102	104	103	108	104	2	466	362	104	1.22 × 10−14
exp80|formamide	50	55	54	54	50	55	51	55	55	50	53	55	52	51	53	53	2
pd20|water	109	107	108	110	110	109	107	107	110	109	109	110	107	111	108	109	1	294	234	61	1.42 × 10−14
pd20|formamide	71	67	66	69	68	69	71	67	69	70	68	73	72	65	69	69	2
pd40|water	126	128	129	132	131	127	132	126	127	131	127	130	126	128	127	128	2	159	122	38	1.29 × 10−14
pd40|formamide	100	99	102	101	100	97	99	96	96	99	103	95	98	97	98	99	2
pd60|water	126	129	126	126	128	129	130	127	128	127	127	126	130	130	126	128	1	145	111	34	9.19 × 10−15
pd60|formamide	99	94	94	95	97	97	98	97	96	97	99	98	96	97	96	97	1

The raw highlighted gray is a reference point for all changed process parameters.