| α-MSH | alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone |
| BHQ | Black Hole Quencher |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| CRE | cAMP-responsive element |
| CREB | cAMP response element-binding protein |
| FAM | carboxyfluorescein |
| GAPDH | glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| Luc | luciferase |
| MITF | microphthalmia-associated transcription factor |
| Pax3 | paired box gene 3 |
| PKA | cAMP-dependent protein kinase |
| qPCR | quantitative real-time PCR |
| RT-PCR | reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction |
| SEE | sorghum ethanolic extract |
| TGFβ | transforming growth factor β |
| UV | ultraviolet |