Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, overall and by serum suPAR concentration
| Variables | Entire Cohort (n=955) | Baseline Serum suPAR Concentration, pg/ml | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Below 3425 (n=239) | 3425–4462 (n=239) | 4462–5923 (n=239) | Above 5923 (n=238) | ||
| Age, yr, mean (SD) | 55 (11) | 56 (10) | 54 (11) | 54 (11) | 54 (10) |
| Womena, N (%) | 373 (39) | 76 (32) | 76 (32) | 102 (43) | 119 (50) |
| Goal of BP control in AASK | |||||
| MAP≤92 mm Hg, N (%) | 472 (49) | 108 (45) | 129 (54) | 121 (51) | 114 (48) |
| MAP=102–107 mm Hg, N (%) | 483 (51) | 131 (55) | 110 (46) | 118 (49) | 124 (52) |
| Trial medication in AASK | |||||
| Ramipril, N (%) | 373 (39) | 85 (36) | 96 (40) | 100 (42) | 92 (39) |
| Metoprolol, N (%) | 394 (41) | 106 (44) | 93 (39) | 95 (40) | 100 (42) |
| Amlodipine, N (%) | 188 (20) | 48 (20) | 50 (21) | 44 (18) | 46 (19) |
| Years with hypertensiona, mean (SD) | 14 (10) | 14 (9) | 13 (10) | 14 (10) | 16 (11) |
| Familial diagnosis of ESKD, N (%) | 124 (13) | 32 (13) | 27 (11) | 32 (13) | 33 (14) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 30.7 (6.6) | 29.7 (5.3) | 31.0 (6.4) | 31.0 (6.7) | 31.0 (7.8) |
| History of smokinga | |||||
| Never smoker, N (%) | 398 (42) | 115 (48) | 102 (43) | 102 (43) | 79 (33) |
| Past smoker, N (%) | 279 (29) | 76 (32) | 70 (29) | 71 (30) | 62 (26) |
| Current smoker, N (%) | 278 (29) | 48 (20) | 67 (28) | 66 (28) | 97 (41) |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg, mean (SD) | 150 (24) | 151 (24) | 150 (25) | 151 (24) | 149 (24) |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hga, mean (SD) | 95 (15) | 97 (14) | 95 (15) | 96 (16) | 94 (13) |
| History of heart disease, N (%) | 491 (51) | 124 (52) | 132 (55) | 112 (47) | 123 (52) |
| C-reactive protein, mg/La, median (IQR) | 4.3 (1.9, 9.1) | 3.1 (1.4, 7.0) | 3.9 (1.8, 8.9) | 5.2 (2.3, 9.7) | 5.8 (2.7, 10.8) |
| APOL1 risk statusb | |||||
| Low risk: zero or one risk allele, N (%) | 464 (76) | 127 (83) | 119 (76) | 115 (72) | 103 (75) |
| High risk: two risk alleles, N (%) | 143 (24) | 26 (17) | 38 (24) | 45 (28) | 34 (25) |
| 24-h UPCR, mg/ga, median (IQR) | 80 (28, 359) | 38 (21, 101) | 57 (26, 230) | 118 (40, 504) | 201 (56, 735) |
| Measured GFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2a, mean (SD) | 46 (13) | 53 (11) | 50 (11) | 43 (13) | 38 (12) |
| suPARa, pg/ml, median (IQR) | 4462 (3425, 5923) | 2831 (2265, 3157) | 3977 (3703, 4260) | 5141 (4817, 5463) | 7472 (6505, 8669) |
suPAR, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; AASK, the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension; MAP, mean arterial pressure; UPCR, 24-hour urine protein-to-creatinine ratio; IQR, 25th and 75th quartile.
a
P for trend <0.05.
b
A total of 348 participants did not have genotyping data.