Table 2.
Characteristics of pre-emptively listed candidates with Medicaid coverage in nonexpansion and expansion states, pre- and postexpansion
| Characteristic | January 1, 2011–December 31, 2013 | January 1, 2014–December 31, 2016 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nonexpansion State (n=19) | Expansion Statea (n=24+DC) | Nonexpansion State (n=19) | Expansion Statea (n=24+DC) | |
| n=330 | n=1094 | n=359 | n=1737 | |
| Age at listing, yr | 44 (32, 55) | 48 (36, 58) | 45 (35, 54) | 48 (36, 57) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 133 (40) | 388 (36) | 144 (40) | 549 (32) |
| Black | 128 (39) | 282 (26) | 142 (40) | 422 (24) |
| Hispanic | 58 (18) | 289 (26) | 50 (14) | 480 (28) |
| Other | 11 (3) | 135 (12) | 23 (6) | 286 (17) |
| Male | 161 (49) | 540 (49) | 157 (44) | 913 (53) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 (24.3, 34.0) | 28.3 (24.4, 32.9) | 28.8 (24.6, 33.2) | 28.4 (24.3, 32.6) |
| Diabetes states | ||||
| Nondiabetic | 224 (70) | 699 (64) | 223 (62) | 1094 (63) |
| Diabetic | 106 (32) | 394 (36) | 136 (38) | 642 (37) |
| Missing | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) |
| United States citizen | 317 (96) | 936 (86) | 339 (94) | 1440 (83) |
| Educational attainment | ||||
| Less than high school | 27 (8) | 150 (14) | 25 (7) | 213 (12) |
| High school graduate | 255 (77) | 732 (67) | 263 (73) | 1208 (70) |
| ≥College graduate | 39 (12) | 154 (14) | 54 (15) | 283 (16) |
| Missing/unknown | 9 (3) | 58 (5) | 17 (5) | 33 (2) |
| Prior organ transplant | 45 (14) | 152 (14) | 42 (12) | 173 (10) |
| Employed | ||||
| No | 256 (78) | 818 (75) | 276 (77) | 1214 (70) |
| Yes | 54 (16) | 237 (22) | 73 (20) | 507 (29) |
| Unknown | 20 (6) | 39 (4) | 10 (3) | 16 (1) |
| Independent functionb | ||||
| No | 99 (30) | 305 (28) | 122 (34) | 426 (25) |
| Yes | 219 (66) | 740 (68) | 226 (63) | 1271 (73) |
| Unknown | 12 (4) | 49 (5) | 11 (3) | 40 (2) |
Values presented as median (interquartile range) and n (%). DC, District of Columbia; BMI, body mass index.
a
Excludes seven states that implemented Medicaid expansion between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2016.
b
Defined as Karnofsky Performance Status Scale ≥80%.