Fig. 3.

Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to estimate the effect of adjunct therapy on LC3-expressing macrophages over time (week 0, 4, 8 and 12). β coefficient values are shown for three intervention groups (PBA, vitD₃ and PBA + vitD₃) compared to placebo. Arrowhead points represent the adjusted beta (β) coefficient values and vertical lines define 95% confidence intervals (CI). The analysis showed that mean % changes of LC3-expressing macrophage in PBA (β = 8.26; p < 0.001), vitD₃ (β = 4.73; p = 0.037) and PBA+ vitD₃ (β = 10.47; p < 0.001) were significantly higher compared to the placebo group