Figure 5. NDV treatment induces PD-L1 overexpression in bladder cancer lines.

Human bladder cancer cell lines were co-cultured with NDV or media for 24 h at a MOI of 2. (A) Upregulation of PD-L1 in human bladder cell lines. left: representative histogram of PD-L1 expression in T24 cell line; right: summary bar graphs. (B) Correlation of upregulation of PD-L1 vs. % viability in NDV-treated human bladder cancer cell lines. (C) PD-L1 upregulation in the MB49 murine bladder cancer cells treated with NDV-GFP. Left: representative histograms demonstrating PD-L1 MFI in PBS-treated and NDV-treated infected (GFP+) and non-infected (GFP−) cells. Right: summary bar graphs. (D) PD-L1 upregulation quantified by Fluidigm in NDV-treated tumors. ^*p < 0.05, ^****p < 0.0001. Data represent one of 2 independent experiments with 3 replicates per group. Mean ± SEM are shown.