Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with COPD, stratified by the season of exacerbation.
| N | Warming-up | Cooling-down | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 140 | 137 | ||
| Gender (M:F) | 119:21 | 121:16 | 0.525 |
| Age | 75.07 ± 9.02 | 75.34 ± 9.57 | 0.524 |
| Hypertension | 60 (24.8%) | 69 (28.5%) | 0.258 |
| DM | 29 (12.0%) | 20 (8.3%) | 0.240 |
| CAD | 27 (11.2%) | 16 (4.1%) | 0.114 |
| CHF | 11 (4.6%) | 10 (6.6%) | 0.959 |
| RH (%) | 76.09 ± 6.39 | 73.84 ± 6.45 | 0.004 |
| TX (°C) | 27.02 ± 2.78 | 19.36 ± 3.64 | <0.001 |
| AP (hPa) | 992.46 ± 33.08 | 1003.17 ± 29.12 | 0.005 |
| CO (10 ppb) | 35.56 ± 11.98 | 51.67 ± 11.26 | <0.001 |
| PM10 (ug/m3) | 47.3 ± 15.79 | 61.33 ± 16.04 | <0.001 |
| PM2.5 (ug/ m3) | 26.82 ± 10.61 | 36.09 ± 10.06 | <0.001 |
| NO2 (ppb) | 12.44 ± 4.77 | 18.16 ± 4.19 | <0.001 |
| SO2 (ppb) | 3.52 ± 1.02 | 3.7 ± 0.96 | 0.119 |
| O3 (ppb) | 29.24 ± 8.11 | 27.62 ± 7.75 | 0.092 |