Table 2a.

Exploratory factor analysis – pattern matrix

DASS-21 items	Factor
	Depression	Anxiety	Stress	Physical
1. I found it hard to wind down.			0.519
2. I was aware of dryness of my mouth.				[0.288]
3. I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all.	0.707
4. I experienced breathing difficulty (e.g. excessively rapid breathing, breathlessness in the absence of physical exertion).		0.505
5. I found it difficult to work up the initiative to do things.	0.481
6. I tended to overreact to situations.			0.725
7. I experienced trembling (e.g. in the hands).		0.633
8. I felt that I was using a lot of nervous energy.		0.648
9. I was worried about situations in which I might panic and make a fool of myself.		0.626
10. I felt that I had nothing to look forward to.	0.879
11. I found myself getting agitated.			0.677
12. I found it difficult to relax.			0.531
13. I felt downhearted and blue.	0.743
14. I was intolerant of anything that kept me from getting on with what I was doing.			0.552
15. I felt I was close to panic.		0.680
16. I was unable to become enthusiastic about anything.	0.799
17. I felt I was not worth much as a person.	0.823
18. I felt that I was rather touchy.			0.584
19. I was aware of the action of my heart in the absence of physical exertion (e.g. sense of heart rate increase, heart missing a beat).		0.630
20.I felt scared without any good reason.		0.766
21. I felt that life was meaningless.	0.886
EQ-5D-5L items
1. Mobility				0.872
2. Self-care				0.571
3. Usual activities				0.725
4. Pain/discomfort				0.703
5. Anxiety/depression	0.445

Note. Loadings below 0.30 not shown, except for item two of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), where the highest loading is reported in brackets. Rotation method: promax with Kaiser normalisation.