. 2018 Jun 28;4(4):226–234. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2018.24

Table 4.

Risk behaviours within current unit and continuous care

	Intellectual disability				Non-intellectual disability				χ²	Z	P
	N	n	%^a or median/ mean (s.d.)^b	Range^b	N	n	%^a or median/ mean (s.d.)^b	Range^b	χ²
History of self-harm or suicidal behaviour	66	51	77.3		335	205	61.2		6.18		0.013
Suicide attempts
History of serious suicide attempts	66	22	33.3		333	119	35.7				n.s.
Serious suicide attempts during current continuous admission	66	10	15.1		333	47	14.1				n.s.
Absconsion
Attempted absconsion, ever	66	32	48.5		333	116	34.8		4.40		0.036
Successful absconsion, ever	66	28	42.4		333	131	39.3				n.s.
Either in the last 5 years	39	10	25.6		169	43	25.4				n.s.
Hostage taking
Attempted hostage taking	66	2	3.0		335	15	4.5				n.s.
Successful hostage taking	66	4	6.1		335	7	2.1				n.s.
Either in the last 5 years	4	1	25.0		19	3	15.8				n.s.
Other serious incidents, ever
Attempted rooftop protest	66	1	1.5		334	6	1.8				n.s.
Successful rooftop protest	66	1	1.5		334	5	1.5				n.s.
Attempted room barricade	66	9	13.6		334	32	9.6				n.s.
Successful room barricade	66	9	13.6		334	32	9.6				n.s.
Attempted fire setting	66	17	25.8		334	62	18.6				n.s.
Successful fire setting	66	18	27.3		334	81	24.3				n.s.
Involved in a riot	65	0	0		334	5	1.5				n.s.
Involved in the possession of a weapon	66	38	57.6		334	142	42.5		5.05		0.025
Any serious incidents/seclusions
in 2012–3013	66	43	65.2		335	113	33.7		22.90		<0.001
in 2009–2013	66	51	77.3		331	163	49.2		17.40		<0.001
Serious incidents/seclusions in the last 5 years
Serious assault on staff	66	31	47.0		331	71	21.5		8.77		<0.001
Serious physical assaults on others	66	28	42.4		331	82	24.8		8.56		0.003
Serious deliberate self-harm	66	11	16.7		331	35	10.6		n.s.		n.s.
Seclusion episodes in last 5 years	66	49	74.2		331	127	38.4		28.70		<0.001
Any other incidents in the last 2 years	65	58	89.2		332	214	64.5		15.46		<0.001
Number of other incidents in the last 2 years
Median (IQR)	64		23.50 (53.0)	0–299	331		2.00 (11.0)	0–307^c		6.19	<0.001
Mean (s.d.)	64		44.39 (60.80)		331		14.48 (34.99)
HCR20 total score, mean (s.d.)
Current (2013) score	29		29.31 (4.18)	22–37	173		26.63 (5.30)	10–38		2.48	0.013
Current (2012) score	44		30.56 (4.38)	21–39	241		27.38 (5.39)	10–39		3.67	<0.001
Change in HCR20 total score last 2 years
‘Improver’	33	11	33.3		183	74	40.4				n.s.
‘Non-improver’	33	15	45.5		183	54	29.5				n.s.
‘Deteriorater’	33	7	21.2		183	55	30.1				n.s.
HCR-20 history score, mean (s.d.)
Current (2013) score	29		16.48 (2.58)	9–20	173		15.30 (3.05)	7–20		2.04	0.042
Current (2012) score	44		16.70 (2.15)	12–20	241		15.23 (3.09)	6–20		2.87	0.004
HCR-20 clinical score, mean (s.d.)
Current (2013) score		29	6.35 (2.02)	2–10	173		5.51 (2.60)	0–10			n.s.
Current (2012) score		44	7.07 (2.02)	3–10	241		6.09 (2.68)	0–19		2.29	0.022
HCR-20 risk management score, mean (s.d.)
Current (2013) score		29	6.48 (2.03)	3–10	173		5.82 (2.68)	0–16			n.s.
Current (2012) score		44	6.80 (1.98)	3–10	241		6.05 (2.56)	0–14			n.s.
Conviction for violent/sexual offence while in an institutional setting	66	30	45.5		335	78	23.3		13.77		<0.001

IQR, interquartile range; n.s., difference between groups not statistically significant at P<0.05.

^a.

For categorical variables.

^b.

For continuous variables unless otherwise stated.

^c.

Excluded one outlier with 1259 incidents recorded.