TABLE 1.
Participant-Reported Descriptive Characteristics
| Characteristics | No. Responses | Finding, No. (%) or Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|
| Anthropometrics | ||
| Female sex | 281 | 161 (57) |
| Age, y | 316 | 27 ± 19 |
| Pediatric | 316 | 131 (42) |
| Height SDS | 272 | 0.37 ± 1.1 |
| BMI (adult) | 168 | 24 ± 3 |
| BMI SDS (pediatric) | 106 | 0.44 (0.96) |
| Diabetes-related data | ||
| Age at diagnosis, y | 316 | 16 ± 14 |
| Years with T1DM | 316 | 11 ± 13 |
| Diagnostic category | ||
| Diagnostic evidence of T1DM | 316 | 85 (27) |
| Strong evidence of T1DM | 316 | 153 (48) |
| Suggestive evidence of T1DM | 316 | 35 (11) |
| T1DM unascertained | 316 | 43 (14) |
| HbA1c at diagnosis | 173 | 11.20% ± 2.72% |
| Diet | ||
| Years on VLCDa | 313 | 2.2 ± 2.9 |
| Use of a specific carbohydrate intake goal | 313 | 223 (71) |
| Carbohydrate intake goal, g | 223 | 36 ± 15 |
| Goal achieved, d per wk | 216 | 6.4 ± 1.0 |
| Sociodemographic | ||
| Country | 284 | |
| United States, Canada | 193 (68) | |
| Europe, United Kingdom | 40 (14) | |
| Australia | 36 (13) | |
| Otherb | 15 (5) | |
| Race and/or ethnicity | 284 | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 250 (88) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 8 (3) | |
| Black | 0 (0) | |
| Asian | 2 (1) | |
| Other | 24 (8.5) | |
| Education | 283 | |
| Primary or less | 1 (0.4) | |
| Secondary | 13 (5) | |
| Upper, postsecondary | 31 (11) | |
| Tertiary | 238 (84) | |
| Income | 284 | |
| Lower | 22 (8) | |
| Middle | 200 (70) | |
| Upper | 62 (22) | |
| Diabetes care provider subspecialty | 288 | |
| Endocrinology | 234 (81) | |
| Pediatrics, family medicine | 38 (13) | |
| Other | 16 (6) |
a
The median was 1.7 y; the range was 0.2–31.7 y.
b
New Zealand, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Israel, India, and Aruba.