Table II.
Management strategies and outcomes according to bleeding site.
| Bleeding site | N | Type of bleeding | N | Clinical managment | Death N (%) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
|
Interruption of the drug N (%) |
Endoscopy N (%) |
Procedures or surgery* N (%) |
RBC N (%) |
FFP/PCC | |||||
| Gastrointestinal | 49 | Haematemesis | 6 | 40 (82) | 29 (59) | 3 (6) | 4 (8) | 0/2 | 4 (8) |
| Melaena | 8 | ||||||||
| Rectal | 29 | ||||||||
| Anaemia | 6 | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Respiratory tract | 50 | Haemoptysis | 10 | 21 (42) | 6 (12) | 33 (66) | 1 (2) | 1/3 | 2 (4) |
| Epistaxis | 32 | ||||||||
| Gingival | 2 | ||||||||
| Pleural | 6 | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Genitourinary | 38 | Macroscopic haematuria | 36 | 32 (84) | 10 (26) | 5 (13) | 1 (3) | 1/1 | 1 (3) |
| Genital | 2 | ||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Skin/subcutaneous | 36 | 36 | 27 (75) | - | 3 (8) | - | 1/3 | 3 (8) | |
|
| |||||||||
| Intramuscular | 23 | 23 | 19 (83) | - | 11 (48) | - | 0/3 | - | |
|
| |||||||||
| Peritoneal/pelvic | 8 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 3 | - | 0/4 | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Parotid gland | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | ||
RBC: red blood cells; FFP: fresh-frozen plasma; PCC: prothrombin complex concentrates;
*
minor surgery or surgery for cancer.