Table 2. Behavioral and physiological measures.
| Measure Value | P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | UVL | VRL | VRH | UVL|VRL | VRL|VRH |
| Heart Rate Variability (beats/min) | 6.6 (1.5) | 7.0 (1.6) | 8.3 (2.4) | 1.00 | 0.02* |
| Heart Rate Frequency Power (%) | 45.6 (12.5) | 51.8 (15.2) | 58.9 (14.0) | 0.11 | <0.01* |
| Electrodermal Activity (counts/min) | 8.2 (11.7) | 15.1 (14.7) | 13.7 (11.0) | <0.01* | 0.74 |
| Failures per Minute (counts/min) | 7.1 (2.5) | 26.1 (4.9) | 24.8 (5.6) | <0.01* | 1.00 |
| Heart Rate (beats/min) | 92.0 (7.9) | 97.0 (8.7) | 97.1 (10.6) | <0.01* | 1.00 |
| Response Time (s) | 0.76 (0.25) | 0.88 (0.25) | 0.94 (0.27) | 0.02* | 0.10 |
| Number of Beam Passes | 43.0 (15.7) | 26.6 (9.4) | 24.7 (7.6) | <0.01* | 0.38 |
| Estimated Gait Speed (m/s) | 0.18 (0.07) | 0.13 (0.04) | 0.13 (0.04) | 0.03* | 1.00 |
Mean behavioral and physiological measures are shown for unaltered view low (UVL), virtual reality low (VRL) and virtual reality high (VRH), with standard deviation in parentheses (n = 19 for each condition). The first 3 measures assessed stress induction. The other measures assessed cognitive and physical performance. All measures shown had significant Friedman test results across conditions. Pairwise comparison p-values are shown:
* denotes significant differences (p<0.05).
We only made two comparisons: 1) unaltered view low vs. virtual reality low and 2) virtual reality low vs. virtual reality high.