Rankings of surface under the cumulative ranking area (SUCRA) for efficacy of treatments to induce end points in IgA nephropathy. (a) Clinical remission, (b) end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and doubling of serum creatinine level, and (c) serious adverse events (SAEs) of IgAN. The graphs display the distribution of probabilities of treatment, ranking from the best through the worst for each outcome. Ranking indicates the probability that the drug class is “best,” second-“best,” etc. For example, RAS inhibitors plus urokinase and steroid combined with tonsillectomy were among the best treatments for inducing disease remission, while the placebo provided the lowest probability of disease remission (worst). On the other hand, the ranking suggests that MMF posed the highest risk for incurring ESRD or creatinine doubling (worst), whereas renin−angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors (RASi) plus steroid incurred the lowest probability of ESRD or creatinine doubling (best). MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; TSP, tonsillectomy combined with steroid pulse therapy.