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. 2018 Jul 6;8:10251. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27602-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The protein expression of BMP7 and SMAD1/5/8 in human cartilage was visualized by IHC in each donor. The expression of BMP7 (A) and SMAD 1/5/8 (B) was visualized in differentially graded cartilage specimens of OA patients. Representative pictures are shown. Images were taken using the Nanozoomer (scale bar = 500 μm). G0, G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 = OARSI Grade 0, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5. Magnified pictures were indicated in inserts.