Table 1. The benefits and harms of intensive versus moderate diastolic blood pressure control in normotensive adults with diabetes mellitus.

Outcome	Risk with intervention/comparator per 1,000	Attributable avoided events per 1,000 treated (95% CI)	Relative measure of association; number needed to treat (95% CI)	No. of participants (studies)
All-cause mortality**	63/65	NS	RR: 0.96 (0.53–1.75); HR: 0.96 (0.53–1.75)	609 (2 RCTs) (26,27)
Cardiovascular mortality*	55/37	NS	RR: 1.48 (0.65–3.40)	480 (1 RCT) (27,40)
Non-cardiovascular mortality*	21/45	NS	RR: 0.47 (0.16–1.32)	480 (1 RCT) (27,40)
Cardiovascular event**	73/56	NS	RR: 1.31 (0.71–2.42)	609 (2 RCTs) (26,27)
Congestive heart failure*	51/45	NS	RR: 1.12 (0.50–2.49)	480 (1 RCT) (27,40)
Myocardial infarction*	80/62	NS	RR: 1.30 (0.68–2.49)	480 (1 RCT) (27,36)
Cerebrovascular accident*	17/53	37 [4–69]	RR: 0.32 (0.10–0.95); NNTp: 27 [14–255]#	480 (1 RCT) (27,36)
Retinopathy progression**	269/369	NR	RR: 0.74 (0.60–0.93)#	609 (2 RCTs) (26,27)
Neuropathy progression**	349/337	NS	RR: 1.04 (0.83–1.29)	609 (2 RCTs) (26,27)

Population: adults with diabetes and normal arterial blood pressure; Settings: outpatient; Intervention: intensive blood pressure control (10 mmHg below baseline DBP); Comparator: moderate blood pressure control (DBP goal 80–89 mmHg). ^#, favors lower blood pressure target; *, very low quality evidence; **, low quality evidence. CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; HR, hazard ratio; NNTp, number needed to treat to prevent an outcome in one patient; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RR, relative risk; NS, no statistically significant difference; NR, not reported.