Table 1.

Proposal for and relevance of long-term follow-up after (neonatal) ECMO.

	Assessments	Domains of interest	Relevance/intervention
INFANCY
0–2 years	Growth Kidney function Hearing assessment Neurologic assessment including imaging Mental development Motor development	Hypertension, urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio MRI brain	Referral dietician Referral nephrologist (CKD) Early referral audiology Early recognition, rehabilitation Early referral Referral physical therapist
PRESCHOOL AGE
2–5 years	Growth (mainly CDH) Kidney function Neurologic assessment Language development Motor development	Hypertension, urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio	Referral dietician Referral nephrologist (CKD) Rehabilitation Hearing assessment, referral speech-language pathologist Referral physical therapist
SCHOOL AGE
≥6 years	Growth (mainly CDH) Kidney function Lung function assessment Motor development Exercise capacity Neuropsychological assessment Behavior assessment	Hypertension, urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio Spirometry Intelligence (only once in follow-up) Memory Attention/concentration/information-processing Hyperactivity Somatic problems	Referral dietician Referral nephrologist (CKD) Evaluate reversibility of airflow obstruction Referral physical therapist Sports participation and/or exercise training Referral to early school support Referral to cognitive rehabilitation Referral to support/guidance
ADOLESCENCE
>12 years	Growth (mainly CDH) Kidney function Motor function Exercise capacity Neuropsychological assessment Behavior assessment	Hypertension, urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio Gross motor function (e.g., ball skills) Memory Attention/concentration/information processing Hyperactivity Depressed feelings/social problems Somatic problems	Referral dietician Referral nephrologist (CKD) Referral physical therapist/sports participation Sports participation/exercise training Referral to school support Career support/choice of profession Referral to cognitive rehabilitation Referral to support/guidance

ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CDH, congenital diaphragmatic hernia.