Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Sports Med. 2018 Mar;46(4):815–825. doi: 10.1177/0363546517749850

Table 3.

Significant Odds Ratios (95% CI) for Variables in Model

Comparison Worse Outcome IKDC KOOS Marx
Symptoms Pain ADL Sports/Rec QOL
Baseline Outcome Score lower baseline score 1.03
(1.03, 1.04)
p<0.0001		 1.02
(1.02, 1.03)
p<0.0001		 1.03
(1.02, 1.03)
p<0.0001		 1.03
(1.02, 1.04)
p<0.0001		 1.01
(1.01, 1.02)
p<0.0001		 1.02
(1.01, 1.03)
p<0.0001		 1.08
(1.06, 1.11)
p<0.0001
Patient Demographics
Age older age 1.02
(1.01, 1.04)
p=0.0007		 1.02
(1.01, 1.04)
p=0.0003		 1.02
(1.01, 1.03)
p=0.003		 1.02
(1.01, 1.04)
p=0.0007		 0.97
(0.96, 0.98)
p<0.0001
Gender male vs. female females 1.30
(1.04, 1.62)
p=0.021		 1.37
(1.09, 1.71)
p=0.006		 1.70
(1.38, 2.10)
p<0.0001
BMI higher BMI 0.96
(0.93, 0.98)
p=0.0005		 0.94
(0.92, 0.96)
p<0.0001		 0.96
(0.93, 0.98)
p=0.0006		 0.97
(0.94, 0.99)
p=0.016		 0.96
(0.94, 0.99)
p=0.002		 0.97
(0.95, 1.00)
p=0.025		 0.96
(0.94, 0.98)
p=0.001
Smoking status never vs. quit quit smoking 0.59
(0.42, 0.83)
p=0.002		 0.64
(0.46, 0.89)
p=0.008		 0.68
(0.49, 0.95)
p=0.025		 0.68
(0.48, 0.97)
p=0.031
never vs. current current smoker 0.62
(0.43, 0.90)
p=0.011		 0.66
(0.45, 0.95)
p=0.026		 0.60
(0.41, 0.88)
p=0.009		 0.62
(0.42, 0.90)
p=0.013
Education level lower education 1.06
(1.03, 1.10)
p=0.0006		 1.06
(1.02, 1.10)
p=0.006		 1.07
(1.02, 1.12)
p=0.004		 1.10
(1.06, 1.15)
p<0.0001
Baseline Marx Activity level lower activity level 1.03
(1.01, 1.06)
p=0.013		 1.03
(1.00, 1.06)
p=0.031		 1.03
(1.00, 1.05)
p=0.024		 1.08
(1.06, 1.11)
p<0.0001
Main sport none vs. football football 0.47
(0.23, 0.96)
p=0.038
none vs. other none 1.64
(1.06, 2.53)
p=0.027
Competition level None vs. high school none 1.75
(1.01, 3.03)
p=0.048
None vs. recreational none 1.70
(1.05, 2.76)
p=0.03
“High-grade” laxity no vs. yes yes 1.08
(1.06, 1.11)
p<0.0001
Surgical Factors
Reconstruction type primary vs. revision revision 0.37
(0.26, 0.54)
p<0.0001		 0.51
(0.35, 0.75)
p=0.0006		 0.57
(0.39, 0.82)
p=0.003		 0.46
(0.32, 0.66)
p<0.0001		 0.44
(0.30, 0.65)
p<0.0001
Medial meniscus procedure prior to index ACL reconstruction no vs. yes yes 0.52
(0.36, 0.76)
p=0.0006		 0.64
(0.44, 0.93)
p=0.019		 0.60
(0.42, 0.88)
p=0.008		 0.43
(0.31, 0.62)
p<0.0001		 0.53
(0.36, 0.78)
p=0.001		 0.49
(0.33, 0.71)
p=0.0002		 0.48
(0.33, 0.69)
p<0.0001
Lateral meniscus procedure prior to index ACL reconstruction no vs. yes yes 0.54
(0.32, 0.90)
p=0.019
Lateral meniscus pathology no tear vs. excision excision 0.80
(0.64, 1.00)
p=0.05
AC Medial pathology normal vs. Grades 3–4 Grades 3–4 0.70
(0.49, 0.99)
p=0.047		 0.65
(0.45, 0.94)
p=0.022		 0.68
(0.48, 0.98)
p=0.036
AC Lateral pathology normal vs. Grades 3–4 Grades 3–4 0.58
(0.39, 0.86)
p=0.008		 0.57
(0.38, 0.86)
p=0.006		 0.66
(0.44, 0.99)
p=0.043		 0.60
(0.40, 0.90)
p=0.013
AC Lateral pathology normal vs. fracture lines linear crack/fracture lines 0.61
(0.43, 0.86)
p=0.005
AC Patellofemoral pathology normal vs. Grades 3–4 Grades 3–4 0.58
(0.41, 0.83)
p=0.003		 0.46
(0.32, 0.66)
p<0.0001		 0.53
(0.37, 0.77)
p=0.0009		 0.58
(0.39, 0.84)
p=0.005		 0.51
(0.35, 0.74)
p=0.0004
Intermediate Variables
2-year Outcome score lower 2 year score 1.06
(1.06, 1.07)
p<0.0001		 1.06
(1.06, 1.07)
p<0.0001		 1.03
(1.02, 1.03)
p<0.0001		 1.08
(1.07, 1.10)
p<0.0001		 1.01
(1.01, 1.02)
p<0.0001		 1.05
(1.04, 1.05)
p<0.0001		 1.15
(1.12, 1.18)
p<0.0001
2-year Marx activity level lower activity level 1.03
(1.01, 1.05)
p=0.015		 1.03
(1.01, 1.06)
p=0.011		 1.03
(1.01, 1.05)
p=0.015		 1.15
(1.12, 1.18)
p<0.0001
2-year BMI higher BMI 0.97
(0.95, 1.00)
p=0.0005		 0.94
(0.92, 0.96)
p<0.0001		 0.96
(0.94, 0.99)
p=0.004		 0.97
(0.94, 1.00)
p=0.037		 0.97
(0.94, 0.99)
p=0.011		 0.96
(0.93, 0.99)
p=0.002
2-year Smoking status never vs. quit quit smoking 0.70
(0.52, 0.94)
p=0.017		 0.71
(0.53, 0.94)
p=0.019
never vs. current current smoker 0.59
(0.39, 0.89)
p=0.011		 0.62
(0.41, 0.92)
p=0.018
2-year Subequent Surgery (ipsilateral knee) none vs. scope scope 0.52
(0.38, 0.71)
p<0.0001		 0.50
(0.36, 0.69)
p<0.0001		 0.41
(0.30, 0.55)
p<0.0001		 0.54
(0.40, 0.74)
p=0.0001		 0.42
(0.31, 0.57)
p<0.0001		 2.24
(1.47, 3.41)
p=0.0002
none vs. revision ACL reconstruction Revision ACL reconstruction 0.48
(0.33, 0.71)
p=0.0002		 0.48
(0.32, 0.70)
p=0.0002		 0.39
(0.27, 0.58)
p<0.0001		 0.51
(0.34, 0.77)
p=0.0013		 0.34
(0.23, 0.50)
p<0.0001
2-year Subequent Surgery (contralateral knee) none vs. scope scope 1.48
(1.04, 2.12)
p=0.031
none vs. ACL reconstruction ACL reconstruction
6-year Outcome score lower 6 year score 1.10
(1.09, 1.11)
p<0.0001		 1.10
(1.09, 1.10)
p<0.0001		 1.03
(1.02, 1.03)
p<0.0001		 1.12
(1.11, 1.14)
p<0.0001		 1.01
(1.01, 1.02)
p<0.0001		 1.07
(1.07, 1.08)
p<0.0001		 1.24
(1.21, 1.27)
p<0.0001
6-year Marx activity level lower activity level 1.04
(1.02, 1.06)
p=0.0004		 1.04
(1.02, 1.07)
p=0.002		 1.24
(1.21, 1.27)
p<0.0001
6-year BMI higher BMI 0.95
(0.93, 0.97)
p<0.0001		 0.96
(0.94, 0.99)
p=0.002		 0.96
(0.94, 0.99)
p=0.003		 0.98
(0.95, 1.00)
p=0.036		 0.95
(0.93, 0.98)
p<0.0001
6-year Smoking status never vs. quit quit smoking 0.74
(0.57, 0.98)
p=0.034
never vs. current current smoker 0.65
(0.45, 0.93)
p=0.017		 0.61
(0.42, 0.87)
p=0.006
6-year Subsequent Surgery (ipsilateral knee) none vs. scope scope 0.57
(0.42, 0.76)
p=0.0001		 0.55
(0.41, 0.74)
p<0.0001		 0.41
(0.31, 0.55)
p<0.0001		 0.58
(0.42, 0.78)
p=0.0004		 0.42
(0.31, 0.56)
p<0.0001		 1.71
(1.15, 2.55)
p=0.008
none vs. revision ACL reconstruction Revision ACL reconstruction 0.58
(0.40, 0.86)
p=0.006		 0.55
(0.38, 0.81)
p=0.002		 0.38
(0.26, 0.55)
p<0.0001		 0.61
(0.41, 0.92)
p=0.018		 0.32
(0.22, 0.47)
p<0.0001
6-year Subsequent Surgery (contralateral knee) none vs. scope scope
none vs. ACL reconstruction ACL reconstruction

Key: ADL = activities of daily living; sports/rec = sports and recreation; QOL = quality of life; BMI = body mass index; AC = articular cartilage; ACL = anterior cruciate ligament