Table 1.

Pattern recognition in biological data

Application	Method	Discovery	Ref.
miRNA-lncRNA interaction	Base pairing based prediction of miRNA-lncRNA interaction	LncRNA -CCAT1 inhibits miR152 and acts as an oncogene in intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA).	37
	Base pairing based prediction of miRNA-lncRNA interaction	LncRNA -PCAT1 inhibits miR122 and regulates WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA).	38
miRNA-mRNA interaction	miRNA target prediction based on several database	miR-26a is a potential tumor suppressor of CCA via regulating of KRT19 which is the key biomarkers for distinguishing CCA and hepatocellular carcinoma	39
	miRNA target prediction and signal pathways analysis	miRNA-410 directly targets the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and acts as an anti-apoptotic regulator of CCA.	40
	miRNA target prediction	Targets of miR-101 were predicted and validated as a tumor suppressor for CCA	41
lncRNA-mRNA interaction	Base pairing based prediction of lncRNA- mRNA interaction and co-expression analysis	CPS1 and lncRNA (CPS1-IT1) may be potential prognostic indicators for patients with ICC.	42
Mass spectrometry data analysis	Proteomic mass spectrometry pattern analysis with MASCOT	Increased EXT1 expression in plasma is found associated with CCA genesis	43
HBV integration into cellular genome of hilar CCA (HCCA)	DNASIS MAX is used to sequence analysis of viral-host junction	HBV integration is highly detected in the cancer related genes of HCCA and indicate that HBCV infection may be related to HCCA pathogenesis	44