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. 2018 Jul 2;9:1543. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01543

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Copyright © 2018 Hsieh, Ou, Hsieh, Kao, Lee, Wang and Wu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Illustration of the construction of recombinant full-length human surfactant proteins D (SP-D) plasmid into which the SP-D gene was inserted at the multiple cloning site of a pcDNA 3.1/myc-His B vector between Hind III and Sac II. (B) Four recombinant SP-D (rSP-D) plasmids that carried two major single-nucleotide polymorphisms under four different combinations (92T/538A, 92T/538G, 92C/538A, and 92C/538G) were created using gene cloning and site-directed mutagenesis. (C) Corresponding sites of nucleotides and amino acids in different polymorphisms of SP-D variants.