Table 1.
Study strains, β-lactamase analysis, resistance profile and class I integron characterization
| Isolate | Source | Isolation date | ESBL enzymes | Other β-lactamases | Non-β-lactamic resistance profile | Integron class I | Resistance genes in Integron class I |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E12 | Blood | 09/10/2008 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1 | CHL-GM-TET-SXT-RIF | − | − |
| E15 | Blood | 15/04/2009 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1 | CHL-GM-TET-SXT-RIF | − | − |
| E11 | Blood | 15/09/2008 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | 1000 bp | aadA1 |
| E4 | Blood | 04/05/2007 | CTX-M-15/SHV-12 | TEM-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-TET-SXT-RIF | − | − |
| E3 | Blood | 14/12/2006 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1 | CHL-GM-TET-SXT-RIF | − | − |
| E16 | Blood | 29/03/2009 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | 1000 bp | aadA1 |
| E18 | Blood | 10/11/2008 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1 | CHL-GM-SXT-RIF | 2000 bp | dfrA12 + aadA2 |
| E2 | Urine | 23/11/2005 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | − | − |
| E7 | Blood | 26/12/2007 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | 800 bp/1000 bp | dfrA16/aadA1 |
| E14 | Urine | 13/02/2009 | CTX-M-15 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | 800 bp/1000 bp | dfrA16/aadA1 |
| E8 | Urine | 30/07/2008 | CTX-M-37 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | 800 bp/1000 bp | dfrA16/aadA1 |
| E17 | Urine | 20/03/2009 | CTX-M-15/SHV-12 | TEM-1/OXA-1 | CHL-GM-NAL-CIP-TET-SXT-RIF | 800 bp/1000 bp | dfrA16/aadA1 |
Abbreviations: CHL, chloramphenicol; CIP, ciprofloxacin; ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamases; GM, gentamicin; NAL, nalidixic acid; RIF, rifampicin; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; TET, tetracycline.