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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Rheum Dis. 2018 Feb 20;77(6):855–860. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212535

Table 5.

Incidence of flares in SLE pregnancy

Reference Country Pregnancies Flare Definition Incidence of Flare per Person-Month
Non-Pregnant Patients Pregnancy Postpartum
Mintz 1986[29] Mexico 102 Onset of new signs of active disease in a previously inactive organ system, measured by clinical and laboratory variables 0.04 0.06 --
Petri 1991[8] US 40 Change of ≥1.0 in PGA score since the preceding visit or during the last 93 days 0.05 0.14 0.05
Wong 1991[13] China 29 Evidence of acute synovitis; pleuritis or pericarditis with radiographic or echocardiographic changes; new neurologic or psychiatric symptoms; thrombocytopenia (<100x 109/L); leukopenia (<4 x 109/L); hemolytic anemia (positive antiglobulin [Coombs’] test); new cutaneous lesions; or active kidney disease (with abnormal urinalysis results, increasing proteinuria, and/or low C3 and C4 levels) 0.04 0.08 --
Ruiz-Irastorza 1996[9] UK 78 Increase of ≥0.26 or more from the minimum Lupus Activity (LAI) score during follow-up 0.04 0.08 0.15
Present analysis US 398 Change of ≥1.0 in PGA score since the preceding visit 0.03 0.05 0.03–0.05
Change of ≥4 in SELENA-SLEDAI score since the preceding visit 0.04 0.05 0.04–0.06