Table 5. Average daily cigarette consumption at one-year follow-up by ENDS use among non-quitters for all baseline smokers (N = 680*) and baseline daily smokers (N = 543).
| Average Cigarettes per Day Smoked | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ENDS Use | n | wt. Mean | 95% CI | Adj. Mean Difference† | 95% CI |
| Model 7a: Baseline ENDS Use | |||||
| No ENDS use at Baseline (Reference) | 469 | 12.2 | 11.03, 13.36 | REF | - |
| ENDS Use at Baseline | 211 | 10.81 | 9.04, 12.57 | -0.56 | -1.68, 0.56 |
| Model 7b: Baseline ENDS Use (Daily Smokers) | |||||
| No ENDS use at Baseline (Reference) | 386 | 14.11 | 12.91, 15.31 | REF | - |
| ENDS Use at Baseline | 157 | 12.76 | 10.62, 14.91 | -0.99 | -2.26, 0.29 |
| Model 8a: Any ENDS Use | |||||
| No ENDS Use (Reference) | 382 | 12.02 | 10.68, 13.35 | REF | - |
| Any ENDS Use | 298 | 11.51 | 10.06, 12.95 | -0.03 | -1.01, 0.94 |
| ENDS use at baseline & follow-up | 113 | 8.36 | 6.53, 10.19 | -0.81 | -2.27, 0.64 |
| ENDS use initiated after baseline | 45 | 10.28 | 7.40, 13.15 | -0.07 | -2.37, 2.23 |
| ENDS use but discontinued before follow-up | 140 | 14.87 | 12.93, 16.80 | 0.51 | -0.71, 1.74 |
| Model 8b: Any ENDS Use (Daily Smokers) | |||||
| No ENDS Use (Reference) | 318 | 13.94 | 12.52, 15.36 | REF | - |
| Any ENDS Use | 225 | 13.49 | 11.91, 15.07 | -0.32 | -1.42, 0.78 |
| ENDS use at baseline & follow-up | 78 | 9.79 | 7.36, 12.23 | -1.48 | -3.19, 0.23 |
| ENDS use initiated after baseline | 34 | 13.02 | 10.71, 15.33 | -0.27 | -2.88, 2.34 |
| ENDS use but discontinued before follow-up | 113 | 16.19 | 14.27, 18.10 | 0.39 | -0.98, 1.76 |
ENDS = electronic nicotine delivery systems; Denom = denominator; Num = numerator; wt. = weighted; CI = confidence interval; AOR = adjusted odds ratio; REF = reference.
Statistical adjustments are made for baseline perceptions of addiction, cravings to smoke, cigarettes per day smoked, number of years having smoked, past year quit attempts, use of nicotine replacement theory, poly-use of other combusted tobacco, smoker regret, socio-demographics (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, household income, MSA status, marital status, sexual orientation, US Census region, children in household), perceived physical health, presence of asthma, chronic bronchitis or COPD, receiving psychological therapy, alcohol consumption, and past year participation in other tobacco studies through GfK.
*See S5 Table for results among all baseline smokers based on multiply imputed data.
†Exploratory pairwise comparisons among ENDS exposure groups were conducted. None of these comparisons was statistically significant.