The transcript trends of ace2 in the head samples of foragers (A) and nurses (B) were determined by qRT-PCR using gapdh, rpS18, and normalization with two reference genes. The expression trends of ace2 over a yearlong cycle, calculated on a monthly basis across different reference genes, were statistically analyzed (repeated-measures ANOVA; Post-hoc: Tukey’s multiple comparison test, P < 0.05) (A and B). Average and standard error of the expression levels of ace2, normalized with a single gene (rpS18 or gapdh) and the combination (two genes), were calculated from the data of three colonies for 12 months (C). P values between forager and nurse sample were analyzed with Student’s t-test, while integrated expression levels of ace2 for foragers and nurses analyzed with different reference genes (total 6 sample comparison) were compared with one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Different letters indicate significantly different values (P = 0.01).