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. 2018 Jul 9;9(7):754. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-0791-7

Fig. 5. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic bone adipogenesis is abrogated by pharmacological activation of AMPK by metformin.

Fig. 5

Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mice were received with and without metformin for 10 weeks and bone adipogenesis was observed histologically on a H&E-stained cross-sections of tibia. The micro-CT image analysis showing b longitudinal, c tranaxial and d cortical midshaft on tibia of hind limbs. The histomorphometric parameters are expressed as e the change in percentage of bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), bone surface density (BS/TV) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th). f Western blot analysis for p-AMPK, RUNX2 and PPARγ and g real-time PCR analysis for RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin of bone marrow cell lysates. Mean ± S.E.M.; n = 3, *p < 0.1 versus Normal control; **p < 0.05 versus Normal control; ***p < 0.001 versus Normal control