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. 2018 Jul 10;4:36. doi: 10.1038/s41421-018-0035-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Structures of conventional crRNA, caged crRNA (caRNA), and caged truncated pre-tRNA-like crRNA (catRNA) transcribed by Pol III and Pol II polymerases. Red, crRNA spacer sequence. Oligo-T (Pol III) or oligo-T-Poly A (Pol II) are incorporated into crRNA but not caRNA or catRNA. b Structures of pre-tRNA and truncated pre-tRNA. Pre-tRNA is matured by RNase P by removal of the leader sequence and subsequently modified and processed by RNase Z. RNase P processing is blocked by disrupting the 7-base pair stem structure of pre-tRNA, which is critical for RNase P recognition and cleavage. Subsequent RNase Z cleavage is also abolished due to RNase P processing failure. c Illustration of the RNase-resistant property of catRNA