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. 2018 Jul 9;8:10349. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28581-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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AMPAR trafficking model. (A) To simulate the endocytosis and exocytosis of AMPARs, we implemented a single EZ per spine where we placed 10 EEPs to catalyze the internalization and externalization of AMPARs. (B) We simulated a single large endosome inside each spine head. The top membrane of each endosome was permeable to cytoplasmic AMPARs (AMPAR_cyt) to allow their interaction with EEP. The impermeable bottom of the endosomes confined the cytoplasmic molecules inside the spine heads. (C) Detailed view of AMPAR_cyt in the cytoplasm of the spine head. (D) Molecular components of the model and their distributions. In (C,D), the endosomes were rendered transparent for better visualization of the intracellular molecules. (E) Time course of the total amount of free AMPARs. We released 1000 free AMPARs at the beginning of the simulations to verify their accumulations at the synapses. (F) Total number of AMPAR_cyt obtained by the balance of exocytosis and endocytosis of receptors. (G) Number of AMPARs at each PSD combining free and anchored receptors.