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. 2018 Jul 9;9:2654. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05123-6

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Attention and correlated variability. a Hypothesis 1: Attentional gain is increased, but relatively stable under both conditions (top left). Correlated variability is driven by a common noise source (top right), which is suppressed by attention^11,12. b Hypothesis 2: Attentional gain is increased, but fluctuates from trial to trial^8,14,15. Correlated variability is driven by fluctuations of attentional state. The reduction in correlations under attention would imply that the attentional gain is less variable when attending