Figure 8.

Interleukin (IL)‐1β response following complement component 5a (C5a)/tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐primed cholesterol crystal stimulation of trophoblasts. The trophoblast cell line SGHPL‐5 was incubated with or without C5a and TNF‐α before stimulation with cholesterol crystals (CC, 200 or 2000 µg/ml). Treatment with the Nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 was included. IL‐1β release was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and presented as fold change of triplicates from three independent experiments. Data were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison post‐hoc test. *P < 0·05. Lactate dehydrogenase viability analysis showed no toxic effect on the cells (Supporting information, Fig. S4). PBS = phosphate‐buffered saline.